The meaning of "medicine" in Lu Xun's novel "medicine" can be understood from many angles. From a literary point of view, Medicine was a novel that profoundly revealed the current situation of Chinese society and human nature. In the novel, the author revealed many problems in Chinese society at that time through the dialogue and actions between the protagonist Fang Hongjian and the doctor Xia Renbao, such as the imprisonment of feudal ideology, the imperfection of the legal system, the distortion of human nature, and so on. At the same time, through the description of the protagonist Fang Hongjian, the novel also shows his inner contradictions and struggles, as well as his persistence in traditional culture and morality. Medicine was a novel that explored human nature and social issues. Through the description of the protagonist and other characters, the author reveals the greed, selfishness, cruelty and hypocrisy in human nature. At the same time, he also probes into social problems such as feudal ideology and the defects of the legal system. The novel reflected the current situation and problems of Chinese society at that time through profound thinking and unique narrative methods, which aroused the readers 'thoughts. From an artistic point of view, Medicine was a novel full of appeal and tension. The story in the novel was compact, exciting, and the characters were vivid. The vivid language was concise and philosophical, full of artistry and appeal. All these made Medicine an excellent literary work that was widely circulated and studied.