Yao Xueyin's novel, Li Zicheng, was a historical novel that mainly told the story of Li Zicheng, the leader of the peasant uprising at the end of the Ming Dynasty. However, there was no conclusive evidence in history that Li Zicheng and the peasant uprising at the end of the Ming Dynasty really existed. In history, Li Zicheng was an uprising leader at the end of the Ming Dynasty. The uprising army he led played an important role in the turbulent period at the end of the Ming Dynasty. However, the scale and influence of the uprising army were not as exaggerated as in novels. Although Li Zicheng's image and story were fabricated and created in the novel, the purpose was to portray an attractive and representative image rather than completely fictional historical events. Therefore, we can think that the content described in the novel Li Zicheng has a certain historical background and reference significance.